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Joseph "Jo" Mielziner (March 19, 1901, in Paris - March 15, 1976, in New York City) was an American theatrical scenic, and lighting designer born in Paris, France. He is "the most successful set designer of the Golden era of Broadway", and worked on both stage plays and musicals.〔Vlastnik, Frank; Bloom, Ken.("Jo Mielziner" ) ''Broadway Musicals: The 101 Greatest Shows of All Time'', Black Dog Publishing, 2010, ISBN 1-57912-849-1, p. 261〕 ==Career== He was the son of artist Leo Mielziner, Sr. (son of a rabbi), and Ella (née Friend), a writer. Mielziner was the brother of actor-director Kenneth MacKenna.〔Krebs, Albin.(Jo Mielziner Dead at 74; Pioneering Set Designer; Dozens of Hits 'A Unique Gift' Got Traveling Scholarships Designed Theaters" ) ''The New York Times'' (abstract), March 16, 1976, p. 38〕 He studied at the Art Students League and the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.〔("Art: Theatre ) ''Time Magazine'', April 11, 1932〕 Mielziner was considered one of the most influential theatre designers of the 20th century,〔Williams, Tennessee and Thornton, Margaret Bradham.("Jo Mielziner" ) ''Notebooks'', p. 554〕 designing the scenery and often the lighting for more than 200 productions, many of which became American classics. He "pioneered 'selective realism' in scenic design".〔Barranger, Milly S.(Mielziner ) ''Theatre: A Way of Seeing'', Cengage Learning, 2005, ISBN 0-495-00472-3, p. 258〕 According to his obituary, he was perhaps "praised most often...for his sweeping canvas of people under the Brooklyn Bridge, used as a backdrop for Maxwell Anderson's ''Winterset.''〔 After his education and spending 13 months in Europe "absorbing the revolutionary changes occurring in traditional stage design", in 1923 he worked for the Theatre Guild in New York as an assistant stage manager and bit actor.〔 Mielziner's Broadway debut as a designer was in 1927 with ''The Guardsman'', for which he designed the scenery and lighting.〔Atkinson, Brooks.("The Play:Pasting the Medicine Men" ) ''The New York Times'' (abstract), November 22, 1927〕 His other Broadway credits include the original productions of ''Sweet and Low'', ''Another Part of the Forest'', ''Winterset'', ''Oh, Captain!'', ''Dodsworth'', ''Strange Interlude'', ''Carousel'', ''South Pacific'', ''Guys and Dolls'', ''The King and I'', ''A Streetcar Named Desire'', ''Death of a Salesman'', ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'', ''Gypsy'', and ''The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie'',〔("Mielziner Broadway Credits" ) InternetBroadwayDatabase, accessed April 16, 2011〕 as well as the film ''Picnic'' and the ballet ''Who Cares?''. He won the Academy Award for best color art direction for his work on ''Picnic.'' During World War II, Mielziner worked as a camouflage specialist with the United States Air Force.〔Wright, Charles.("No Ordinary Jo -- Mielziner: Master of Modern Stage Design" ) theatermania.com, April 5, 2001〕 In the course of his career, Mielziner won seven Tony Awards and was nominated for another five.〔("Mielziner Tony Awards, wins and nominations" ) broadwayworld.com, accessed April 16, 2011〕 He also won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Set Design. His influence extended outside of the theatre. He was acquainted with the American artist Edward Hopper, who is said to have modeled his well-known painting ''Early Sunday Morning'' after Mielziner's set for Elmer Rice's play ''Street Scene'', produced in 1929. Mielziner designed the theater at Wake Forest University〔("Harold Tedford Abstract" ) wakespace.lib.wfu.edu, accessed April 16, 2011〕 and co-designed the Vivian Beaumont Theater at Lincoln Center with architect Eero Saarinen.〔("Claire Tow Theater" ) www.lct.org, accessed April 16, 2011〕 He resided for many years at The Dakota〔Birmingham, Stephen.(Mielziner ) ''Life at the Dakota:New York's most unusual address'', Syracuse University Press, 1996, ISBN 0-8156-0338-X, p.74〕 and can be seen working in his studio in an exterior shot in the film ''Rosemary's Baby''. He died on March 15, 1976, in New York City.〔 Recently, his scenic designs for the original production of Arthur Miller's ''Death of a Salesman'' were re-created for the 2012 Broadway revival starring Academy Award winner Philip Seymour Hoffman, Andrew Garfield and Linda Emond. Director Mike Nichols stated that he felt he needed Mielziner's original set because it was "intimately connected with the way the play developed." He went on to say he has never seen anything "near as good in any of the productions of 'Salesman' because it's everything and nothing." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jo Mielziner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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